Causale structuur in aanwezigheid van sectorale beperkingen, met toepassing op de kwantumschakelaar

Causale structuur in aanwezigheid van sectorale beperkingen, met toepassing op de kwantumschakelaar

Tijdstempel: 1 juni 2023 8:48 uur
Bronknooppunt: 2697095

Nick Ormrod1, Augustin Vanrietvelde1,2,3en Jonathan Barrett1

1Quantum Group, Departement Computerwetenschappen, Universiteit van Oxford
2Afdeling Natuurkunde, Imperial College London
3HKU-Oxford gezamenlijk laboratorium voor kwantuminformatie en berekeningen

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Abstract

Bestaand werk op het gebied van de kwantumcausale structuur gaat ervan uit dat men willekeurige bewerkingen kan uitvoeren op de systemen van belang. Maar aan deze voorwaarde wordt vaak niet voldaan. Hier breiden we het raamwerk voor kwantumcausale modellering uit naar situaties waarin een systeem te maken kan krijgen met $textit{sectoriële beperkingen}$, dat wil zeggen beperkingen op de orthogonale deelruimten van zijn Hilbertruimte die aan elkaar kunnen worden toegewezen. Ons raamwerk (a) bewijst dat een aantal verschillende intuïties over causale relaties gelijkwaardig blijken te zijn; (b) laat zien dat kwantumcausale structuren in de aanwezigheid van sectorale beperkingen kunnen worden weergegeven met een gerichte grafiek; en (c) definieert een fijnmazige structuur van de causale structuur waarin de individuele sectoren van een systeem causale relaties onderhouden. We passen ons raamwerk bijvoorbeeld toe op vermeende fotonische implementaties van de kwantumschakelaar om aan te tonen dat hoewel hun grofkorrelige causale structuur cyclisch is, hun fijnkorrelige causale structuur acyclisch is. We concluderen daarom dat deze experimenten slechts in zwakke zin een onbepaalde causale orde realiseren. Dit is met name het eerste argument in deze zin dat niet geworteld is in de veronderstelling dat de causale relatie in de ruimtetijd gelokaliseerd moet zijn.

Populaire samenvatting

In de wetenschap en in het dagelijks leven verklaren we dingen heel vaak met behulp van de concepten van oorzaak en gevolg. Als we veel plassen op straat zien, gaan we ervan uit dat het allemaal dezelfde oorzaak heeft: de regen. Wanneer we mensen aanmoedigen om te stoppen met roken, is dat omdat we geloven dat het kanker veroorzaakt.

And yet our most successful scientific theory — quantum theory — suggests our most basic ideas about causation and causal reasoning are somehow mistaken. The famous nonlocal correlations that violate Bell's inequalities resist causal explanation as traditionally understood, and the possibility of putting objects into superpositions seems to allow for situations in which there is no definite fact about the direction of causal influence.

As a result, there has been much effort in recent years to modify our causal notions for a quantum setting. Our paper extends the study of intrinsically quantum causal structures to a new range of scenarios. One of the consequences is that recent experiments that aim to create an indefinite direction of causal influence can be understood as "weakly" indefinite — even more strongly indefinite directions of influence are conceivable.

► BibTeX-gegevens

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Geciteerd door

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[2] Julian Wechs, Cyril Branciard, and Ognyan Oreshkov, "Existence of processes violating causal inequalities on time-delocalised subsystems", Natuurcommunicatie 14, 1471 (2023).

[3] Huan Cao, Jessica Bavaresco, Ning-Ning Wang, Lee A. Rozema, Chao Zhang, Yun-Feng Huang, Bi-Heng Liu, Chuan-Feng Li, Guang-Can Guo, and Philip Walther, "Semi-device-independent certification of indefinite causal order in a photonic quantum switch", Optiek 10 5, 561 (2023).

[4] Augustin Vanrietvelde, Nick Ormrod, Hlér Kristjánsson, and Jonathan Barrett, "Consistent circuits for indefinite causal order", arXiv: 2206.10042, (2022).

[5] Pedro R. Dieguez, Vinicius F. Lisboa, and Roberto M. Serra, "Thermal devices powered by generalized measurements with indefinite causal order", Fysieke beoordeling A 107 1, 012423 (2023).

[6] Matt Wilson, Giulio Chiribella, and Aleks Kissinger, "Quantum Supermaps are Characterized by Locality", arXiv: 2205.09844, (2022).

[7] Marco Fellous-Asiani, Raphaël Mothe, Léa Bresque, Hippolyte Dourdent, Patrice A. Camati, Alastair A. Abbott, Alexia Auffèves, and Cyril Branciard, "Comparing the quantum switch and its simulations with energetically constrained operations", Physical Review Onderzoek 5 2, 023111 (2023).

[8] Nick Ormrod, V. Vilasini, and Jonathan Barrett, "Which theories have a measurement problem?", arXiv: 2303.03353, (2023).

[9] Tein van der Lugt, Jonathan Barrett, and Giulio Chiribella, "Device-independent certification of indefinite causal order in the quantum switch", arXiv: 2208.00719, (2022).

[10] Robin Lorenz en Sean Tull, "Causale modellen in snaardiagrammen", arXiv: 2304.07638, (2023).

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[13] Ricardo Faleiro, Nikola Paunkovic, and Marko Vojinovic, "Operational interpretation of the vacuum and process matrices for identical particles", arXiv: 2010.16042, (2020).

[14] Eleftherios-Ermis Tselentis and Ämin Baumeler, "Admissible Causal Structures and Correlations", arXiv: 2210.12796, (2022).

[15] Ricardo Faleiro, Nikola Paunkovic, and Marko Vojinovic, "Operational interpretation of the vacuum and process matrices for identical particles", Kwantum 7, 986 (2023).

Bovenstaande citaten zijn afkomstig van SAO / NASA ADS (laatst bijgewerkt met succes 2023-06-03 12:58:29). De lijst is mogelijk onvolledig omdat niet alle uitgevers geschikte en volledige citatiegegevens verstrekken.

On Crossref's geciteerde dienst er zijn geen gegevens gevonden over het citeren van werken (laatste poging 2023-06-03 12:58:28).

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