Random Access Codes Via Quantum Contextual Redundancy

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Giancarlo Gatti^1,2,3, Daniel Huerga¹, Enrique Solano^1,4,5,6, and Mikel Sanz^1,2,5,7

¹Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
²EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
³Quantum MADS, Uribitarte Kalea 6, 48001 Bilbao, Spain
⁴International Center of Quantum Artificial Intelligence for Science and Technology (QuArtist) and Department of Physics, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
⁵IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
⁶Kipu Quantum, Greifswalderstrasse 226, 10405 Berlin, Germany
⁷Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM), Alameda de Mazarredo 14, 48009 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain

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Abstract

We propose a protocol to encode classical bits in the measurement statistics of many-body Pauli observables, leveraging quantum correlations for a random access code. Measurement contexts built with these observables yield outcomes with intrinsic redundancy, something we exploit by encoding the data into a set of convenient context eigenstates. This allows to randomly access the encoded data with few resources. The eigenstates used are highly entangled and can be generated by a discretely-parametrized quantum circuit of low depth. Applications of this protocol include algorithms requiring large-data storage with only partial retrieval, as is the case of decision trees. Using $n$-qubit states, this Quantum Random Access Code has greater success probability than its classical counterpart for $nge 14$ and than previous Quantum Random Access Codes for $n ge 16$. Furthermore, for $nge 18$, it can be amplified into a nearly-lossless compression protocol with success probability $0.999$ and compression ratio $O(n^2/2^n)$. The data it can store is equal to Google-Drive server capacity for $n= 44$, and to a brute-force solution for chess (what to do on any board configuration) for $n= 100$.

Featured image: Visualization of a Quantum Random Access Code. Classical data is encoded into a quantum state, and a fragment is retrieved by measuring in an appropriate basis. The measurement bases used in this paper are defined by sets of commuting many-body Pauli observables.

Popular summary

Quantum Random Access Codes (QRACs) store a number of bits into fewer qubits, showcasing better retrieval success probability than their classical counterpart. To do this, the bits are mapped into a quantum state, and every bit is associated to a type of quantum measurement, which can later be performed to retrieve it. These measurement bases are usually chosen to be mutually unbiased.

In this paper, we propose the use of measurement bases which are mutually biased instead, so that every bit appears in multiple measurement bases. Rather than posing a drawback, this allows us to encode each bit using the most convenient basis, saving resources for large-scale quantum systems. We employ many-body Pauli observables to convey our bits, and each set of commuting observables that can be constructed defines one measurement basis. Using systems of $n$ qubits, this approach showcases an asymptotic compression ratio of $O(n^2/2^n)$ and better success probability than prior QRACs for $n ge 16$.

► BibTeX data

@article{Gatti2023randomaccesscodes, doi = {10.22331/q-2023-01-13-895}, url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-01-13-895}, title = {Random access codes via quantum contextual redundancy}, author = {Gatti, Giancarlo and Huerga, Daniel and Solano, Enrique and Sanz, Mikel}, journal = {{Quantum}}, issn = {2521-327X}, publisher = {{Verein zur F{"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}}, volume = {7}, pages = {895}, month = jan, year = {2023}
}

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Source: https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-01-13-895/

Time Stamp: January 13, 2023

Time Stamp: Apr 13, 2023

Random access codes via quantum contextual redundancy

Republished By Plato

Abstract

Popular summary

► BibTeX data

► References

Cited by

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